Norries have low fares, are frequent and relatively fast, so are
popular despite their rudimentary
design, lack of brakes, the state of
the rails (often broken or warped) and lack of any formal operating
regime. Simple construction and light weight mean that the norry may be simply
removed from the track – if two meet on the line, the one with the
lighter load is unloaded, lifted and carried round the other, and at the
end of the line the vehicle is lifted and turned.
There is some precedent for the Norry's popularity. In the 1980s and 1990s due to the civil war in Cambodia
trains were led by an armed and armoured carriage; the first carriages
of the train were flatbeds used as mine sweepers and travel on these was
free for the first carriage and half-price for the second. These
options were popular despite the obvious risks.
Norry construction is a cottage industry conducted in trackside
villages. It takes around four days to construct one of the vehicles,
which have a steel frame overlaid with bamboo slats resting on wheels
taken from abandoned tanks.
Originally propelled by hand using punt poles, power is now provided
by small motorcycle or tractor engines with belt drive direct to the
rear axle, delivering top speeds of 40 km/h or more. Fuel is bought from
villages along the route, supplied in glass jars and the flat-bedded
vehicles will carry any load that will fit, including people, livestock,
motorcycles and rice.
In February 2008 a project was announced to rebuild the railway lines from Sihanoukville to Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh to Poipet and on to Sisophon
and the Thai border (a stretch completely destroyed by the Khmer Rouge
regime). This was due to be completed at the end of 2009. As of May 2011 this project has only completed from Phnom Penh to Sihanoukville.
As of May 2011 the bamboo train appears to be the only train operating around the Battambang
area, which can be observed by the completely overgrown tracks passing
though the city. On the outskirts a tourist service operates for $5 per
person to a village that has a brick factory. This is overseen by the
local Tourist Police.
As of January 2014 there is still a bamboo train ride in Pursat,
which goes southeast out of the city for about an hour for a fare of $5
per person. Map of location of Norry Train Station (OpenStreetMap.org)
The bamboo train is one of the world's all-time classic rail
journeys. From O Dambong, on the east bank 3.7km south of Battambang's
Old Stone Bridge, the train runs southeast to O Sra Lav, via half an
hour of clicks and clacks along warped, misaligned rails and vertiginous
bridges left by the French.
Each bamboo train - known in Khmer
as a norry (nori ) - consists of a 3m-long wood frame, covered
lengthwise with slats made of ultra-light bamboo, that rests on two
barbell-like bogies, the aft one connected by fan belts to a 6HP
gasoline engine. Pile on 10 or 15 people or up to three tonnes of rice,
crank it up and you can cruise along at about 15km/h.
The genius
of the system is that it offers a brilliant solution to the most
ineluctable problem faced on any single-track line: what to do when two
trains going opposite directions meet. In the case of bamboo trains, the
answer is simple: one car is quickly disassembled and set on the ground
beside the tracks so the other can pass. The rule is that whichever car
has fewer passengers has to cede priority, though motorbikes pull rank,
so if you bring one along - or have a convincing inflatable moto decoy -
you'll get VIP treatment.
What happens, you may ask, when a
bamboo train meets a real train barrelling down the track? First,
Cambodian trains don't barrel, they crawl. Second, bamboo train
conductors know the real train's schedule. And third, the real train can
be heard tooting its horn from a great distance, providing more than
enough time to dismount and disassemble.
Hiring a private bamboo
train from O Dambong to O Sra Lav costs USaround US$8, though it's much
cheaper to take a share-norry with locals transporting veggies, charcoal
or wood to market.
Sadly, rumour has it that bamboo trains will
soon be banned, especially if the rail line to Phnom Penh is - as
planned - upgraded.
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